Smart Waste Management Framework for Green Cities: Integrating IoT, LoRa, and Deep Learning for Efficient Waste Classification and Management
الشريط الجانبي للمقالة
محتوى المقالة الرئيسي
الملخص
Waste management is recognized as a crucial issue in modern civilization, requiring substantial effort and resources while significantly impacting various societal aspects. In sustainable cities striving to eliminate carbon emissions, implementing effective waste management strategies is prioritized. Tackling the three interconnected challenges in trash management, including preventing overflow, tracking bin locations, and designing efficient garbage collection routes, is complex. Current methods often provide incomplete solutions for all three aspects simultaneously. To overcome these difficulties, a smart waste management framework was proposed for environmentally friendly cities, combining the Internet of Things (IoT), long-range (LoRa) technology, and Deep Learning techniques. The proposed system utilized ultrasonic sensors equipped with a LoRa connection to facilitate the real-time monitoring of bin status. Prompt intervention to prevent overflow scenarios was facilitated. Integrating the Floyd-Warshall algorithm enhanced the garbage collection route efficiency by considering the bin fill levels and their exact locations. Deployment was made affordable and straightforward using inexpensive IoT components, including LoRa modules, facilitating smooth data transfer. In addition, incorporating RecycleCnn, implemented using Python with TensorFlow and Keras frameworks, enhanced the proposed framework by enabling automatic garbage classification with a 98% accuracy rate. This classification system facilitated the categorization of garbage into specific groups, improved recycling initiatives, and advocated for sustainable waste management methods. The proposed system used Arduino UNO microcontrollers, ultrasonic sensors, and LoRaWAN technologies to provide a precise and effective method for assessing garbage levels and controlling waste distribution. This holistic approach to intelligent waste management seeks to provide cleaner, pollution-free urban environments by addressing problems arising from ineffective garbage collection methods. The proposed framework addressed trash management and recycling challenges while laying the foundation for sustainable development projects in smart towns like Khandagiri and Pokhariput. Also, it provided a comprehensive approach to garbage collection, categorization, and management.
المقاييس
تفاصيل المقالة
هذا العمل مرخص بموجب Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
THIS IS AN OPEN ACCESS ARTICLE UNDER THE CC BY LICENSE http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
##plugins.generic.plaudit.displayName##
المراجع
Laha SR, Pattanayak BK, Pattnaik S. Advancement of Environmental Monitoring System Using IoT and Sensor: A Comprehensive Analysis. AIMS Environmental Science 2022; 9(6):771-800.
Biswal AK, Singh D, Pattanayak BK. IoT-Based Voice-Controlled Energy-Efficient Intelligent Traffic and Street Light Monitoring System. In: Green Technology for Smart City and Society: Proceedings of GTSCS 2020. Springer Singapore; 2021:43-54.
Rath M, Pattanayak BK, Pati B. Energy Competent Routing Protocol Design in MANET With Real Time Application Provision. International Journal of Business Data Communications and Networking 2015; 11(1):50-60.
Pattnaik S, Banerjee S, Laha SR, Pattanayak BK, Sahu GP. A Novel Intelligent Street Light Control System Using IoT. In: Intelligent and Cloud Computing: Proceedings of ICICC 2021. Springer Nature Singapore; 2022:145-156.
Pattnaik S, Laha SR, Pattanayak BK, Mohanty R, Alnabhan M, Mohanty MN. Software Reliability Reckoning by Applying Neural Network Algorithm. Journal of Information and Optimization Sciences 2022; 43(5):1061-1071.
Dash L, Pattanayak BK, Laha SR, Pattnaik S, Mohanty B, Habboush AK, Al Smadi T. Energy Efficient Localization Technique Using Multilateration for Reduction of Spatially and Temporally Correlated Data in RFID System. Tikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences 2024; 31(1):101-112.
Laha SR, Pattanayak BK, Pattnaik S, Kumar S. A Smart Waste Management System Framework Using IoT and LoRa for Green City Project. International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication 2023; 11(9):342-357.
Laha SR, Mahapatra SK, Pattnaik S, Pattanayak BK, Pati B. U-INS: An Android-Based Navigation System. In: Cognitive Informatics and Soft Computing: Proceeding of CISC 2021. Springer Singapore; 2021:125-132.
Al Smadi T, Gaeid KS, Mahmood AT, Hussein RJ, Al-Husban Y. State Space Modeling and Control of Power Plant Electrical Faults with Neural Networks for Diagnosis. Results in Engineering 2025; 25:104582.
Smadi TAA. Computer Application Using Low Cost Smart Sensor. International Journal of Computer Aided Engineering and Technology 2012; 4(6):567.
Khaldoon A, Omar, Yasameenkamil N, Ahmed AA, Al Smadi T. A Novel Flying Robot Swarm Formation Technique Based on Adaptive Wireless Communication Using MUSIC Algorithm. International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research 2024; 12(2):688-695.
Laha SR, Nayak DSK. Cybersecurity Challenges in IoT-Based Healthcare Systems: A Survey. In: Intelligent Security Solutions for Cyber-Physical Systems. Chapman and Hall/CRC; 2021:203-215.
Laha SR, Pattanayak BK, Pattnaik S, Hosenkhan MR. Challenges Associated with Cybersecurity for Smart Grids Based on IoT. In: Intelligent Security Solutions for Cyber-Physical Systems. Chapman and Hall/CRC; 2021:191-202.
Mahmood AT, Gaeid KS, Al Smadi TA. Direct Torque Control Space Vector Modulation for Induction Motor Driven by Matrix Converter. Tikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences 2024; 31(4):58-69.
Zohourian A, Dadkhah S, Pinto Neto EC, Mahdikhani H, Danso PK, Molyneaux H, Ghorbani AA. IoT Zigbee Device Security: A Comprehensive Review. Internet of Things 2023; 100791.
Nayak SK, Nayak AK, Laha SR, Tripathy N, Smadi TA. A Robust Deep Learning-Based Speaker Identification System Using Hybrid Model on KUI Dataset. International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research 2024; 12(4):1502-1507.
Haxhibeqiri J, De Poorter E, Moerman I, Hoebeke J. A Survey of LoRaWAN for IoT: From Technology to Application. Sensors 2018; 18(11):3995.
Handam A, Al Smadi T. Multivariate Analysis of Efficiency of Energy Complexes Based on Renewable Energy Sources in the System Power Supply of Autonomous Consumer. International Journal of Advanced and Applied Sciences 2022; 9(5):109-118.
Laha SR, et al. An IoT-Based Soil Moisture Management System for Precision Agriculture: Real-Time Monitoring and Automated Irrigation Control. 2023 4th International Conference on Smart Electronics and Communication (ICOSEC). IEEE; 2023.
Putra RH, Kusuma FT, Damayanti TN, Ramadan DN. IoT: Smart Garbage Monitoring Using Android and Real Time Database. Telkomnika Telecommunication Computing Electronics and Control 2019; 17(3):1483-1491.
Al-Husban Y, Al-Ghriybah M, Gaeid KS, Al Smadi T, Handam A, Alkhazaleh AH. Optimization of the Residential Solar Energy Consumption Using the Taguchi Technique and Box-Behnken Design: A Case Study for Jordan. International Journal on Energy Conversion 2023; 11(1):25.
Ramson SRJ, Moni DJ, Vishnu S, Anagnostopoulos T, Kirubaraj AA, Fan X. An IoT-Based Bin Level Monitoring System for Solid Waste Management. Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management 2021; 23:516-525.
Yusof NM, et al. Smart Waste Bin with Real-Time Monitoring System. International Journal of Engineering and Technology 2018; 7(2.29):725-729.
Alobaidy HA, et al. Low-Altitude-Platform-Based Airborne IoT Network (LAP-AIN) for Water Quality Monitoring in Harsh Tropical Environment. IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2022; 9(20):20034-20054.
Lozano Á, et al. Smart Waste Collection System with Low Consumption LoRaWAN Nodes and Route Optimization. Sensors 2018; 18(5):1465.
Abuga D, Raghava NS. Real-Time Smart Garbage Bin Mechanism for Solid Waste Management in Smart Cities. Sustainable Cities and Society 2021; 75:103347.
Kang KD, et al. Electronic Waste Collection Systems Using Internet of Things (IoT): Household Electronic Waste Management in Malaysia. Journal of Cleaner Production 2020; 252:119801.
Shanthini E, et al. IoT Based Smart City Garbage Bin for Waste Management. 2022 4th International Conference on Smart Systems and Inventive Technology (ICSSIT). IEEE; 2022.
Wen Z, et al. Design, Implementation, and Evaluation of an Internet of Things (IoT) Network System for Restaurant Food Waste Management. Waste Management 2018; 73:26-38.
Al Smadi T, Handam A, Gaeid KS, Al-Smadi A, Al-Husban Y. Artificial Intelligent Control of Energy Management PV System. Results in Control and Optimization 2024; 14:100343.
Al-Masri E, et al. Recycle.io: An IoT-Enabled Framework for Urban Waste Management. 2018 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (Big Data). IEEE; 2018.
Mahmood MS, Al Dabagh NB. Improving IoT Security Using Lightweight Based Deep Learning Protection Model. Tikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences 2023; 30(1):119-129.
Yong YS, Lim YA, Ilankoon IMSK. An Analysis of Electronic Waste Management Strategies and Recycling Operations in Malaysia: Challenges and Future Prospects. Journal of Cleaner Production 2019; 224:151-166.
Cheema SM, Hannan A, Pires IM. Smart Waste Management and Classification Systems Using Cutting Edge Approach. Sustainability 2022; 14(16):10226.
Adedeji O, Wang Z. Intelligent Waste Classification System Using Deep Learning Convolutional Neural Network. Procedia Manufacturing 2019; 35:607-612.
Dash L, Pattanayak BK, Laha SR, Pattnaik S, Mohanty B, Habboush AK, Al Smadi T. Energy Efficient Localization Technique Using Multilateration for Reduction of Spatially and Temporally Correlated Data in RFID System. Tikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences 2024; 31(1):101-112.
Al-Sharo YM, Al Smadi K, Al Smadi T, Yasameen Kamil N. Optimization of Stable Energy PV Systems Using the Internet of Things (IoT). Tikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences 2024; 31(1):127-137.
Al Mashhadany Y, Al Smadi T, Abbas AK, Algburi S, Taha BA. Optimal Controller Design for High Performance of Solar Energy for Grid-Connected Systems. Wireless Power Transfer 2024; 11(1).
Gaeid KS, Homod RZ, Mashhadany YA, Smadi TA, Ahmed MS, Abbas AE. Describing Function Approach with PID Controller to Reduce Nonlinear Action. International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research 2022; 10(4):976-983.
Yahya AM, AL-Zakar SHD, AL-Mohseen KA. Disaggregation Model of Tigris River Inflow into a Proposed Makhol Reservoir Using Parametric Approach. Tikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences 2024; 31(1).
Gaeid KS, Abed AF, Mokhlis HB, Abubakar U. Fuzzy Control of Induction Motor Actuator with Open Loop PID Controller in Water Treatment Plant. Tikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences 2024; 31(3).
Hussein AR. Internet of Things (IoT): Research Challenges and Future Applications. International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications 2019; 10(6):77-82.
Habboush AK, Elzaghmouri BM, Pattanayak BK, Pattnaik S, Haboush RA. An End-to-End Security Scheme for Protection from Cyber Attacks on Internet of Things (IoT) Environment. Tikrit Journal of Engineering Sciences 2023; 30(4):153-158.
Nayak SK, Nayak AK, Laha SR, Tripathy N, Smadi TA. A Robust Deep Learning - Based Speaker Identification System Using Hybrid Model on KUI Dataset. International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research 2024; 12(4):1502-1507.